Child injury deaths in King County drop by 62 percent

193 children’s lives saved over the last decade, thanks to prevention policies, law enforcement, education

More children are alive and well in King County today because of a dramatic drop in injury deaths such as traffic crashes, drowning, falls and burns. From 2000 to 2009, the rate of death from injuries for children 19 and younger declined by 62 percent. The reduction reflects a decade of innovative public health research, policies, law enforcement, and education of parents.

“There is nothing more valuable than saving a child’s life,” said King County Executive Dow Constantine. “Thanks to safety programs and safer practices, we’ve taken a tremendous step forward in making King County a healthier place to live.”

In King County, 22 children died from injuries in 2009, down from 55 in 2000. Public Health – Seattle & King County estimates that 193 children are alive today who wouldn’t be if injury death rates hadn’t declined.

The improvements in King County surpassed a national trend of fewer child injury deaths. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recently reported that child deaths from injuries declined 29 percent from 2000 to 2009.

“In King County, child injury rates have fallen twice as fast as national injury rates,” said Dr. Beth Ebel, Director of the Harborview Injury Prevention & Research Center, University of Washington. “We led the nation in strong bicycle helmet legislation, passed the first booster seat law in the country, and have innovative programs to prevent childhood drowning. These programs make a difference.”

In King County, traffic-related child deaths declined from 35 in 2000 to 11 in 2009.

“Safer cars play a huge role in reducing the number of traffic-related deaths,” said Dr. David Fleming, Director & Health Officer for Public Health. “Many of us can remember climbing around the front seat of our parents’ cars —with no seat belts and no air bags. We’ve come a long way, and our kids are safer because of it.” 

A variety of other factors also contributed to the decline in traffic-related child deaths, including:

·         Ninety-eight percent of people wearing seat belts, one of the highest rates in the nation

·         Graduated Driver’s Licenses, which help keep teen drivers safe through passenger restrictions, curfew times, and more supervised time behind the wheel.

·         Impaired driving enforcement, prosecution and penalties

The number of children who drowned in King County also has been steadily declining; five children drowned in 2000 and only one in 2009.

A number of policies that have made King County a safer place for children are a result of the work of the King County Child Death Review committee. The committee—comprised of health care providers, government agencies, law enforcement and fire departments, prosecutors, community leaders and others— reviews the circumstances of the death of each child in King County and uses the information to take action to prevent future deaths. Changes that have resulted from this robust process include increased education and promotion of safe sleep positions, the promotion of legislation on bicycle helmets, and the removal of unsafe child products from the market.

Despite efforts to make our community safer for all children, injuries remain a leading cause of death locally and nationally, and new challenges persist. Accidental poisonings, including teenagers overdosing prescription drugs, are a growing concern.

“The significant decline in child injury rates can also be attributed to the partnerships between King County organizations and residents who have worked together to make policy- and system-level changes that promote safety,” said Dr. Linda Quan, who co-led the Injury Free Coalition for Kids of Seattle and has researched drowning for over 30 years while at Seattle Children’s Hospital. “But, we still have work to do. Our goal is to get unintentional deaths to zero. Therefore it’s imperative that supporting new and existing safety initiatives remain a priority in our governments, businesses and communities.”

To learn more about the important work of local collaborations to prevent child injuries and deaths, visit:

·         The Booster Seat Coalition

·         Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center

·         Safe Kids Seattle

·         King County Traffic Safety Coalition

·         Safe Kids Coalitions for South King County

·         Washington State Department of Health Injury Prevention Program

·         Washington State Drowning Prevention Network

·         Child Profile

·         Public Health – Seattle & King County Injury Prevention Program

'Child injuries' refers to unintentional injuries that occur among children and teens 0-19 years.

Providing effective and innovative health and disease prevention services for over 1.9 million residents and visitors of King County, Public Health – Seattle & King County works for safer and healthier communities for everyone, every day. More at www.kingcounty.gov/health

Contact: Katie Ross, 206-263-8781

Protection Measures Needed at Production Sites

Contributed by Eric C. Tofte, Director of Training, Evergreen Safety Council

Most of the time we talk about worker safety and so forth, but what about public safety and protection from litigation if someone goes on your property and gets hurt or killed? You do have some protection, but you better do what you can to keep unauthorized people off your property, especially if you have major hazards as the US Chemical Safety Board (CSB) has just reported.

CSB Report Finds that Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Facilities Present Hazards to Members of the Public, Especially Children; CSB Issues Recommendations to EPA, State Regulators, NFPA, and API Aimed at Increasing Oil Site Safety and Security.

The U.S. Chemical Safety Board (CSB) released a new study of explosions at oil and gas production sites across the U.S., identifying 26 incidents since 1983 that killed 44 members of the public and injured 25 others under the age of 25, and is calling for new public protection measures at the sites.

The report examined in detail three explosions that occurred at oil and gas production facilities in Mississippi, Oklahoma, and Texas, that killed and injured members of the public between October 2009 and April 2010.

The CSB report found that children and young adults frequently socialize at oil sites in rural areas, unaware of the explosion hazards from storage tanks that contain flammable hydrocarbons like crude oil and natural gas condensate.

Why are accidents increasing after the texting ban?

Contributed by Eric Tofte, Director of Training, Evergreen Safety Council

Almost lost in the sea of press releases, in September 2010 Highway Loss Data Institute issued one regarding crashes and the banning of texting while driving. Who knew that in the 4 states where they studied crashes before and after the ban they found that in 3 out of the 4 states crashes increased after banning texting while driving.

In part the Highway Loss Data Institute release stated: “It's illegal to text while driving in most US states. Yet a new study by researchers at the Highway Loss Data Institute (HLDI) finds no reductions in crashes after laws take effect that ban texting by all drivers. In fact, such bans are associated with a slight increase in the frequency of insurance claims filed under collision coverage for damage to vehicles in crashes. This finding is based on comparisons of claims in 4 states before and after texting ban, compared with patterns of claims in nearby states.”

One more thing, I am not saying we should change the law, I am saying that every one who drives needs to PAY ATTENTION. This means watch the road not your passenger, not the GPS, not your food or whatever. You are driving a 2 ton deadly weapon (or larger) and they will kill.  It is every drivers responsibility to stay focused. So if you cannot focus when you are driving, do all of us who do a favor... STAY OFF THE ROAD OR TAKE THE BUS.

Fewest homicides, traffic deaths in ten years; suicides increase

2009 Medical Examiner’s annual report shows King County death statistics and trends
In 2009, King County saw the lowest number of deaths due to homicide and traffic accidents in the past ten years. By contrast, the number of suicides has increased to the highest number since 2000, according to the King County Medical Examiner’s (KCME) report released today.

The report presents a detailed analysis of deaths that fall under KCME’s jurisdiction, including suspicious, sudden, unexpected or violent deaths in King County for the previous year, as well as trends in homicides, traffic fatalities and drug overdose deaths. For a copy of the full King County Medical Examiner’s 2009 annual report, please call 206-731-3232.

“Medical Examiner death reviews are a critical component of public health prevention efforts,” said Dr. David Fleming, Director and Health Officer for Public Health – Seattle & King County. “Because we know the circumstances, risk factors and trends of death in King County, we can target efforts and work to prevent early deaths. Traffic fatalities are a clear example of this. We know that alcohol and drug impairment, speed and failure to wear seatbelts contribute to traffic fatalities, and we work with partners throughout King County to help alleviate those causes.”

In 2009, there were an estimated 12,967 deaths in King County, and KCME performed autopsies approximately ten percent (1,226) of the time. KCME assumed jurisdiction in 2,190 deaths, which included 989 natural deaths, 632 accidental deaths, 253 suicides, 141 traffic deaths, 63 homicides and 59 undetermined causes.

“Our hearts go out to the friends and families who have suffered losses,” said Dr. Richard Harruff, Chief Medical Examiner. “Every death we review receives our fullest respect and attention. We work to investigate and resolve the manner and cause of death as quickly as possible, and in the most scientific and professional manner so grieving loved ones can find some solace.”

Budget cuts impact KCME
Budget cuts to public health services have impacted the King County Medical Examiner’s office. Since 2009, KCME has eliminated 4.5 full-time death investigators, along with the reduction of a part-time anthropologist. The reduced number of staff has led to fewer investigators on the night shift and longer response times.

Findings from the 2009 report
Compared with 2008, King County had fewer homicides, traffic fatalities, and accidental deaths. Deaths from natural causes and suicides both increased. Firearms were the most frequent instrument of death in homicides and suicides. Of the 146 firearm deaths in 2009, 41 were homicides and 100 were suicides. One firearm death was classified as an accident in 2009.


Targeted prevention efforts at Public Health

Accidental deaths (other)
The most common cause of accidental death was falls, most of which occurred in the age group 70 years and over.

Public Health's response: Public Health's Emergency Medical Services Division (EMS) and local fire departments work to prevent falls in the home and enroll older adults who needed 9-1-1 services in the past for fall-related injuries into a fall prevention program. Falls can result in fractures, and subsequent health complications, and even death, while convalescing.
More information on the fall prevention program.

Suicide
Public Health's response: To prevent suicide deaths, Public Health recommends parents, peers, children of elderly parents, and health care providers learn the warning signs of suicide and where to find help (http://www.crisisclinic.org/ or 1-866-427-4747).

Public Health's Violence & Injury Prevention Unit is a partner in LOK-IT-UP, a campaign which recommends storing all firearms locked and unloaded to help reduce suicide risk. The unit also provides training resources for health care providers to work with patients at-risk for suicide to remove potential methods of death (i.e., firearms) from their surroundings. For more information, call 206-263-8160.

Traffic fatalities
Public Health's response: The Violence & Injury Prevention Unit leads the King County Traffic Safety Coalition, a multi-agency group that works to alleviate the leading causes of traffic fatalities, including alcohol and drug impairment, speed, and failure to wear seat belts.


Source: Seattle King County Public Health
Contact: Katie Ross, 206-263-8781

Night of 1,000 Stars Patrols

Extra traffic patrols this weekend

KING COUNTY, WA — This Friday and Saturday marks the 20th year that law enforcement agencies throughout Washington have conducted “Night of 1,000 Stars” impaired driving traffic safety emphasis patrols. Each star symbolizes the badge worn by an on duty law enforcement officer.

“Let’s all work to make this a safe holiday season for our families and communities. Last year, 265 people were killed in Washington in impaired driver involved crashes,” said Dr. David Fleming, Director and Health Officer for Public Health - Seattle & King County. “If you drink, make plans for a sober ride before going out and see that your friends have a safe ride home as well.”

The statewide Night of 1,000 Stars enforcement will remove impaired drivers from local roads. Impaired driving caused by alcohol – or some other drug – is the primary reason why people die in motor vehicle crashes. Officers will also be on the lookout for people who speed, drive aggressively, are not wearing a seatbelt, using cell phones illegally, or violate other traffic laws.

For more than a decade, the King County Target Zero Task Force has brought together law enforcement, public health, and community partners to reduce traffic deaths and injuries through extra patrols and other efforts. On average, 24 fewer people died in traffic crashes in 2007 and 2008, compared to the preceding five years in King County. In partnership with the Washington Traffic Safety Commission, the Task Force is working towards the Target Zero goal of zero traffic fatalities by the year 2030.

Since 1999, officers, troopers, and deputies who worked these extra patrols have made over 28,600 contacts with dangerous drivers and arrested more than 6,200 impaired drivers in King County.

Agencies in Bellevue, Issaquah, Kent, Kirkland, Mercer Island, Newcastle, Redmond, Seattle, Snoqualmie, the Washington State Patrol and other cities and counties throughout the state will have extra impaired driving patrols this weekend.

This year’s Night of 1,000 Stars Patrols is dedicated to all fallen officers, the Washington officers who have died in the line of duty, and the officers who continue to protect and serve.

“Night of 1,000 Stars is an important dedication to all the law enforcement officers throughout the nation,” said Lieutenant Nick Almquist, Redmond Police Department. “Their selfless decision to protect our communities is being honored, especially our brothers and sisters who have paid the ultimate price with their lives.”

Source: Providing effective and innovative health and disease prevention services for over 1.9 million residents and visitors of King County, Public Health – Seattle & King County works for safer and healthier communities for everyone, every day.

$100 for Your Thoughts!

Re-sharing: Lowell Weiss

I hope you’re still feeling great pride about the victory we all achieved in Olympia last month! The Driven to Distraction Task Force is moving full-steam ahead with plans for ensuring that this new law translates into real change in driver behavior—and truly saves lives in our state.

I just got back from a great meeting in Olympia, convened by the Washington Traffic Safety Commission. State agencies and private groups like ours are gearing up to complement the new bill with the two ingredients we know are necessary for behavior change: strong enforcement and public education.

Once again, I want to ask for your ideas. Winning ideas in each of the two categories below will win a $100 Amazon gift certificate.

Contest 1: Creative Slogan Ideas
The state and private groups are hoping to help create a clear, compelling, coordinated slogan prior to June 10 (the date when the new law goes into effect) to make everyone in WA aware of the consequences of cell phone use.

If you submit a slogan to info@nodistractions.org by 5 pm on April 23 which gets adopted, we will send you a $100 Amazon gift certificate.

Here are some guidelines.

• It must be short and pithy enough to fit on a bumper sticker or road sign. Therefore, it should be no more than 40 characters.
• It should not rely on scare tactics. Research shows that it’s usually not effective to try to scare people into changing their behavior.
• Research shows that effective slogans make the link to enforcement consequences (e.g., “Click It or Ticket” and “Drive Hammered—Get Nailed”).
• It must not focus exclusively on texting or on handheld phone use. It should encapsulate both.
• It should not be tailored just to one group of drivers, such as teens. It must be quite broad in its reach.
• It must avoid potentially offensive language.
• For reference, here is an example of a slogan that aligns pretty well with these guidelines: “Park Your Phone. Or Pay the Fine.”

Contest 2: Creative Event Ideas
Various groups, including ours, are interested in staging a visually compelling event on or around June 10, the day the law goes into effect.

If you submit an event idea to info@nodistractions.org by 5 pm on April 23 that gets adopted, we will send you a $100 Amazon gift certificate.

Here are some guidelines:

• The event must have the potential to attract significant traditional- and new-media coverage.
• The event should be built around this message (not the right language, but you’ll get the idea): “The new cell phone law is for real. The police are going to be enforcing it. You’re going to get pulled over unless you put down the phone.” We do not want the message of the day to be, “Go get a Bluetooth device,” because even though Bluetooth is still legal, the data show that it is not safer than talking on a handheld phone.
• The event should not focus on share tactics (see above).
• The event should involve prominent figures, but it needs compelling visuals and not just speeches.
• For reference, the Driven to Distraction Task Force created a very successful media event at Qwest Field in January, in which prominent figures drove a controlled cones course while talking and texting on cell phones.

I hope you’ll participate in these important contests--and involve your families, friends, and colleagues as well. And I can’t thank you enough for your interest and support over these past months!

Legislative Alert

Contributed by Tom Odegaard, President/Executive Director, Evergreen Safety Council

Yesterday (February 24), Washington’s House Transportation Committee passed SSB 6345 out of committee during executive session. The vote, pretty much along party lines was good news to those of us who support this effort to have a positive impact on distracted driving issues.

A brief summary of SSB 6345: Prohibits the holder of either an intermediate driver's license or an instruction permit from operating a motor vehicle while using a wireless communication device except in the case of an emergency, and allows the laws relating to the use of a cell phone or other wireless communication device while operating a moving motor vehicle to be enforced as a primary infraction for all drivers. ( for the complete text of bill see below.)

However, much work remains in order for this bill to become law. This bill must be considered by the House of Representatives by 5:00 PM on March 5. We are requesting that you read the bill and if you agree with this effort, contact your representative and encourage them to vote yes on SSB 6345.

Some of you may ask the question if ESC should take a position on “political issues”. ESC is a non-profit (501 c-3) organization. As such we are also non-partisan. However, our mission statement is pretty clear: To prevent accidental deaths and injuries by being a resource for safety training, consulting and information for businesses and citizens of Washington State and the Greater Northwest. To support related programs and legislative action that would improve safety in the workplace, on the highway, at home, and at play."

ESC views SSB 6345 as a much needed change to Washington’s traffic laws that will help reduce distracted driving collisions, injuries and fatalities on our roads.

I have included links to both a summary of the bill as well as a complete copy of it for your review. In addition, I have also added a link to the WA legislature’s website in order to assist you in contacting your representatives regarding this bill.

Please read this information and contact your representatives encouraging them to vote for this bill.

Thank you.

Tom Odegaard
President/Executive Director
Evergreen Safety Council
tom@esc.org
206-382-4090

Washington’s Seat Belt Use Rate Remains Near the Top High Use Rate Contributes Strongly to a Declining Death Rate

The results of the latest observational seat belt use survey in Washington were released January 5th and show that Washington continues to have one of the highest rates of seat belt use in the United States. This year’s use rate of 96.4% is a slight dip from the 2008 use rate.

Year / Rate
2005 / 95.2%
2006 / 96.3%
2007 / 96.4%
2008 / 96.5%
2009 / 96.4%

"Increases in seat belt use have contributed strongly to drops in traffic deaths in Washington," said Lowell Porter, Director of the Washington Traffic Safety Commission. "There was a 31% drop in vehicle occupant deaths from 1986 to 2008 while vehicle miles traveled increased 34% over this same time period."

In 1986, when Washington first adopted the seat belt law, seat belt use was at 36% and there were 528 vehicle occupant deaths, compared to 362 deaths in 2008.

"We’re optimistic the number will continue on this downward trend," Porter continued. "Washington has set a goal of zero traffic deaths by 2030."

Each year a nationwide observational seat belt survey is conducted. The 2009 survey in Washington comprised 87,946 vehicle driver and passenger observations. It was conducted statewide on a variety or road types following research protocols established by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).

Studies conducted in Washington show that medical costs from crashes amount to more than $276 million each year in Washington. An unbelted vehicle occupant’s medical costs average $11,000 more per collision than those of a belted vehicle occupant’s.

"Our high seat belt use rate is a reflection of the hard work of our law enforcement community," said Tom Robbins, Chief of Police in Wenatchee and Co-Chair of the Washington Association of Sheriff’s and Police Chief’s Traffic Committee. "Officers are willing to write seat belt tickets because they respond to collisions and see first hand that seat belts save lives and reduce injuries."

The report shows that seat belt use is highest for people in passenger vehicles (96.8%) and SUV’s (97.3%), with vans rating third (95.5%) and pickups at (94.5%).

"Prior to the adoption of the Click It or Ticket Project in 2002, seat belt use among pickup truck drivers was a full 10 percentage points lower than other vehicle types so we’ve made great progress in getting people to buckle up in their trucks," Porter said.

An analysis by road type shows seat belt use is highest on state highways and interstate freeways and lowest on city streets and county roads. To view Target Zero, Washington’s Strategic Highway Safety Plan, click here.

For additional information about the Washington Traffic Safety Commission, visit www.wtsc.wa.gov

Media Release Contacts:
Jonna VanDyk, WTSC Occupant Protection Program Manager, 360.586.3870
MJ Haught, WTSC Communications Manager 360.725.9885

Holiday Shopping and Your Personal Safety

Larry Kaminer, President of the Personal Safety Training Group frequently contributes articles to our monthly newsletter Safety & Health Solutions, but this topic is so timely we thought the BLOG was the best way to share his important safety tips.

Holiday Shopping and Your Personal Safety
The days are getting shorter and with the holiday shopping season upon us, we will head to the mall to purchase gifts for our friends and loved ones. Others make their way there too, but with a far different agenda. Even in good economic times, it is well known that criminals see high concentrations of distracted shoppers in mall settings as easy targets.

Most of us multitask: walk to and from our vehicles “heads down”, often chatting on the cell phone, listening to the iPod or merely daydreaming, an oblivious state of mind often referred to as “Condition White”. For criminals, victimizing shoppers in “Condition White” is like “shooting fish in a barrel”.

Who are these criminals and how do they operate?

• The opportunistic criminal loiters in and around mall parking lots, entrances and even bathroom areas looking to grab a package or purse from an unsuspecting, inattentive person.
• Others lay in wait and strike when a “soft target” presents itself. They may hide between vehicles, behind shrubbery or any other structures offering convenient cover from which they can launch an ambush attack leveraging the element of speed and surprise. The back seat of an unlocked vehicle provides an ideal hiding place as well!
• Others actively seek out their prey. They may watch from a standoff position such as the food court or coffee stand or do surveillance from an upper balcony in a multi story mall or department store. They will “shadow” the prospective victim to an isolated area, often the parking lot, underground garage or perhaps an elevator or stairwell and then strike.

How do we present ourselves as “harder targets” to these criminals as they go through their victim selection process? Harder targets tend to operate in what has been described as “Condition Yellow”, a frame of mind in which you are relaxed yet aware of your surroundings and employ sound strategy. Maintaining this mindset is not complicated but it does take practice and discipline. If you work at it enough, it becomes instinctive and takes less conscious effort to maintain.

People in “Condition Yellow”:

• Walk with their heads up, shoulders back and scan their surroundings making them more difficult to surprise. This body language is interpreted to be representative of good self esteem and the conviction to stand their ground and resist if attacked or accosted.
• Walk with brisk athletic stride and purpose of movement. These people are perceived to be more difficult to control physically and are often passed over in favor of those with shuffling, unorganized gait and weak or submissive-looking posture. Walking heads down with rounded slumped shoulders is a prime example.
• Dress down, blend in and wear comfortable footwear that allows them to move quickly.
• Always know what is going on in the blind spot behind them. This area is also known as your “six o’ clock” and is from where most ambush attacks are launched.
• Remember to look up, knowing that criminals do surveillance while “perched” on the high ground such as the aforementioned mall balcony. The “perch” is preferred because very few people ever look up.
• Are good at reading body language and do not deem their instincts as silly or irrational if they get a “bad vibe” from somebody. They honor their intuition and will remain in a well lit, busy area until they are certain that the threat no longer exists or help arrives.
• Carry very little in their hands, allowing them to rapidly bring their arms and hands to bear to fend off an attack.
• Have the discipline to move their vehicles to well-lit parking spaces if they will be at the mall after dark.
• Although not always convenient, make a point of shopping with a friend or family member and, if not able to use the buddy system, are not shy to ask a security guard to walk them to their car.
• Do not draw cash from mall ATMs knowing this attracts unwanted attention.
• Look inside and underneath their vehicles before unlocking and loading packages. (A small flashlight always comes in handy.)
• Do not turn their back on the world as they load their vehicle.
• Lock their vehicles even for the brief time it will take to return the shopping cart.
• Have their car keys in hand, get in, lock and drive away immediately. They do not clear voice mails or read text messages while parked, knowing that they are most vulnerable when in or around a stationary vehicle.
• Remember that what might appear to be a young couple in a parking garage or public area could be a male/ female criminal team at work.
• Do not lapse into a false sense of security and drop their guard just because they are in a well–lit, high traffic area. (Anything can happen, anywhere at any time.)
• Are weary of panel vans or utility vehicles parked on the driver’s side or near their vehicles. It is easy to be pulled through the sliding door of a van.
• Make sure they have not been followed from the mall by paying attention to the vehicles are around or behind them.

As you go about your day, observe others and ask yourself “who would be an easy target to victimize if I were the bad guy”? Make mental notes of all the elements that make the target an easy mark and be sure you are not conducting yourself in the same manner. This is not an exercise in fear or anxiety. It’s about empowerment. Dial up your “Condition Yellow”, relax and enjoy your holiday shopping.

Larry Kaminer © Personal Safety Training Group

Larry will also be speaking at ESC's Annual General Membership meeting on January 26, 2010. I highly recommend all ESC member organizations mark their calendars and plan to attend - Larry's presentations are not to be missed.

Safety Tips for Retailers

For all of you in the retail industry you may be interested that OSHA just released an OSHA Fact Sheet on Crowd Management Safety Tips for Retailers, which can be viewed at www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_General_Facts/Crowd_Control.pdf

This three page fact sheet provides information on planning for a large sales event, pre-event set up and finally the sales event.

Unfortunately, there have been employee deaths due to large, uncontrolled crowds at major sales events. So if you are a retailer and expecting to have a “big” event, take a moment to review the OSHA fact sheet.

King County Media Release: Fewest traffic fatalities in ten years, homicides increase

Fewest traffic fatalities in ten years, homicides increase
2008 Medical Examiner’s annual report shows King County death statistics and trends

In 2008, fewer people died from traffic crashes than in the past ten years, and the 210 deaths from suicide were the lowest since 2002. The number of homicides, however, is on the rise, according to the annual King County Medical Examiner’s report released today.

The report presents detailed analyses of suspicious, sudden, unexpected, or violent deaths in King County for the previous year, as well as trends in homicides, traffic fatalities and drug overdose deaths, many of which are preventable. The full King County Medical Examiner’s (KCME) 2008 annual report is on line at www.kingcounty.gov/health/examiner

“Medical Examiner death reviews are crucial for Public Health because we can target prevention efforts based on our understanding of circumstances, risk factors and trends of these deaths.” said Dr. David Fleming, Director and Health Officer for Public Health – Seattle & King County. “For example, we’re able to identify the leading causes of traffic fatalities – including alcohol and drug impairment, speed, and failure to wear seat belts – and work to address them.”

In 2008, approximately 13,339 people died in King County, and the KCME performed autopsies approximately 10% (1232) of the time. The KCME assumed jurisdiction on 2121 deaths, which included 871 natural deaths, 738 accidental deaths, 210 suicides, 163 traffic deaths, 85 homicides, and 53 undetermined causes.

“Our hearts go out to the friends and families who have suffered losses. Every death we review received our fullest respect and attention," said Dr. Richard Harruff, Chief Medical Examiner. "Our staff strives to investigate deaths and resolve the manner and cause of death as quickly as possible, so grieving loved ones can find some solace.”

Findings from the 2008 report
Compared with 2007, King County had more homicides and fewer fatal traffic crashes. Accidental deaths and deaths from natural causes both increased. Firearms were the most frequent instrument of death in homicides and suicides. Of the 139 firearm deaths in 2008, 93 were classified as suicides, 45 as homicides, and one as accidental.

Comparison of 2008 and 2007 deaths (raw numbers)

Natural deaths
2008 - 871
2007 - 863

Accidental deaths
2008 - 739
2007 - 687

Drugs and poison
2008 - 278
2007 - 302

Suicide
2008 - 210
2007 - 223

Traffic
2008 - 163
2007 - 170

Homicide
2008 - 85
2007 - 76

Targeted prevention efforts at Public Health

Accidental deaths
The most common cause of accidental death was falls (323); 261 (81%) of the deaths caused by falls occurred in the age group 70 years and over.

Public Health’s response: Public Health's Emergency Medical Services Division (EMS) and local fire departments work to prevent falls in the home and enroll older adults who needed 9-1-1 services in the past for fall-related injuries into a fall prevention program. Falls can result in fractures, and subsequent health complications, and even death, while convalescing.
More information on the fall prevention program: http://www.kingcounty.gov/healthservices/health/ems/community/fallprevention.aspx

Suicide and homicide Public Health’s response: To prevent suicide deaths, Public Health recommends parents, peers, children of elderly parents, and health care providers learn the warning signs of suicide (www.yspp.org) and where to find help (www.crisisclinic.org or 1-866-427-4747).

Public Health’s Violence & Injury Prevention Unit is a partner in LOK-IT-UP, a campaign which recommends storing all firearms locked and unloaded to help reduce suicide risk The unit also trains health care providers to work with patients at-risk for suicide to remove potential methods of death (i.e. firearms) from their surroundings. Free training kits for health care providers are available. Call 206-263-8160.


Traffic fatalities
Public Health’s response: The Violence & Injury Prevention Unit leads the King County Traffic Safety Coalition, a multi-agency group that works to alleviate the leading causes of traffic fatalities, including alcohol and drug impairment, speed, and failure to wear seat belts.

Providing effective and innovative health and disease prevention services for over 1.9 million residents and visitors of King County, Public Health – Seattle & King County works for safer and healthier communities for everyone, every day. More at www.kingcounty.gov/health.

For more information contact: James Apa 206-205-5442; Matias Valenzuela 206-205-3331

Don’t be Blown Away by Windstorms

Windstorm season is officially here, and already Seattle has seen its share of power outages, rain and high speed winds. Meteorologists are predicting the first major storm of the year to hit Monday morning. Below are six tips for staying safe during a storm, curtsey of King County Fire District #2 in Burien.

• Stay inside and away from windows.
• Listen to your local news for emergency advice.
• If your heating system stops working, use a safe alternative (do NOT use a gas oven, gas range, barbecue, hibachi, or propane heater for indoor heating).
• If traffic lights are out, treat the intersection as a 4-way stop.
• Minimize driving to conserve fuel. Gas station pumps do not work during power outages. It is best to keep a full tank of gas in your car when you know a storm is coming.
• Do not attempt to move downed power lines.

Before a storm hits, take the time to cut diseased and damaged branches from trees around your house. If trees or other vegetation are overgrowing utility lines, do NOT attempt to clear them from around the lines yourself. Call your local utility company. Be sure to secure objects on your property that could be blown away, including your garbage and recycle containers, which might fall over and spread debris.

It is never a bad idea to put together a basic emergency kit as well. Make sure to include:

• Flashlights, extra batteries and matches.
• Battery-powered radio and wind-up clock.
• Canned or dried non-perishable foods and a manual can opener.
• A safe alternate source of heat plus extra fuel (wood, kerosene).
• Extra blankets and warm clothes.
• Bottled drinking water.

Finally, always keep a list of emergency phone numbers handy. Establish an out of area contact that all family members can reach in an emergency, should you get separated. If you lose power or see a utility pole or power line that has fallen or been damaged, call the numbers listed below.

Seattle City Light: 206-684-3000 (7:30 am – 6 pm) or 206-706-0051 (after hours)
Puget Sound Energy: 1-888-225-5773 (24 hours)

Smell Smoke? Get Out!

This fall, a number of fires have plagued the Northwest. In Seattle’s Greenwood neighborhood, 14 fires have occurred since June, striking both residential and commercial buildings. Just yesterday an elementary school fire in Portland, Oregon resulted in a school-wide evacuation. Over 400 students stood outside and watched as half of their school nearly burned to the ground.

Luckily, no one has died as a result of these fires. In the case of Marysville Elementary, two staff members were hospitalized for minor respiratory problems, while the rest of the staff and all of the students remained unharmed, thanks to a sound emergency plan that was quickly and effectively followed as soon as the fire alarm went off. Evergreen Safety Council applauds those in charge of implementing this plan. Because of them, many lives were saved.

Take a moment this week to assess your own emergency escape plan, in case a fire should occur. Remember:
*It’s good to practice your escape plan every month.
*If possible, plan two ways out of each room.
*Immediately leave your home when a fire occurs.
*Never open doors that are hot to the touch.
*Designate a meeting location that is away from your home, school or office.
*Once you’re out, stay out!

For more information on fire safety, visit Firesafety.gov or sign up to receive Evergreen Safety Council’s newsletter, Safety & Health Solutions, for tips on a variety of safety issues.

Click here to read more about the Greenwood arsons: http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2010242558_webarsonreward10m.html.

Debit card fraud – Don’t become a victim

November is National Crime Prevention & Community Safety Month in Canada. This information came from our friends at the Canadian Safety Council, but is helpful information for anyone who uses a debit card.

People use debit cards millions of times a day at point of sale terminals and banking machines to make purchases and to access their accounts. While the majority of transactions are completed without any problems, there have been an increasing number of cases of debit card fraud in the past several years. Across Canada, banks and financial institutions reimbursed debit card customers about $104 million stolen from their accounts in 2008. Just three years back the amount of dollars lost to debit card fraud was $70.4 million.

Everyone should take steps towards protecting their debit cards and personal identification numbers (PIN), by doing so, this will help reduce your chances of becoming a victim of fraud. Some financial institutions may cover losses in cases of fraud. Although, you may be held liable for your losses if you are negligent with your PIN and card.

How you can protect yourself against debit card fraud:

• Always protect your PIN: use your body or your hand to shield your PIN when entering it.
• Never lend your card or disclose your PIN to anyone.
• Memorize your PIN; don’t write it down.
• Make sure your PIN cannot be easily detected if your card is lost or stolen — don't use your birth date or address or part of your telephone number.
• If anything seems unusual about the automated banking machine (ABM) or point of sale terminal, don't use it; report the situation to police, the merchant or your financial institution.
• Regularly review transaction history online or your monthly bank statements and report anything unusual to your financial institution immediately, for example, missing transactions or a transaction you did not make.
• Change your PIN periodically.
• If your card is lost, stolen, retained by an ATM, or you find that there has been an unauthorized transaction, notify your financial institution immediately.
• Be conscious of anyone trying to distract you at the banking machine.
• Never let your debit card out of your sight; swipe the card yourself, if you can't - watch to make sure that it is not being double swiped.
• Know your daily cash withdrawals and daily purchase limits. If they exceed your needs, you may want to ask your financial institution to reduce those limits.

How debit card fraud can occur:
A thief watches as you enter the PIN – Then distracts you and steals your debit card.
Easily identified PINs – Your purse or wallet is stolen and the thief finds your PIN written down somewhere close to your card, or, successfully tries a commonly used PIN, such as your birth date, based on information found in your wallet.
Surf and Pick Pocket – A thief watches as you enter the PIN and subsequently distracts you and steals your debit card.
Card Jam – After your card becomes jammed, a helpful stranger suggests that you try to input your PIN a few times, but the card remains stuck. After you leave, they remove your card and have your PIN.
Skim and Clone – There have been cases of equipment being set up at a business to illegally collect your PIN and card information. For example, your card may be swiped twice and a camera records your PIN information.
Bogus machines – A bogus machine, that replaces the real PIN Pad, lifts your card and PIN information and issues a transaction receipt but does not actually send the transaction to the financial institution.

What to do if you are a victim of fraud:
If you are, or think you are a victim of fraud, it is important to deal with the incident as soon as possible. Notify your financial institution immediately and call the police to make a report. When you report the incident, your financial institution may ask you questions about the occurrence to ensure that you did not authorize the transaction or that you did not contribute to the loss. As well, you should keep a written record outlining the circumstances of the incident, and what steps you took after the occurrence; for example, who you spoke to.

Situations where you may be found liable:
You are not liable for losses resulting from circumstances beyond your control as long as you report the incident as soon as you are aware of the loss and cooperate in any subsequent investigation. You may be found liable if you keep an obvious copy of your PIN in close proximity to your card; for example, writing down "Bank-1286". Choosing an unacceptable PIN selected from your name, telephone number, date of birth, address, or social insurance number. You will also be found liable if you voluntarily give your PIN and/or card to someone who subsequently contributes to the fraud.

The good news is that security measures are constantly being enhanced and technology is always being upgraded to prevent fraud. Chip technology, sometimes called smart card technology for debit and credit cards, is being introduced all over Canada. All cards will soon be embedded with a microchip that will process transactions. The microchip is state-of-the-art in payment card technology and is extremely difficult to duplicate. In a number of other countries, where the chip cards are currently used, they have been effective in reducing fraud. The implementation of chip-based technology has already begun in Canada and it’s expected that the adaptation to the chip will be widespread by 2010.

For more information in Canada, please visit Industry Canada or the Canadian Bankers Association.

Do you know what time it is?

Fall back and CHECK
Hopefully you changed your clocks this weekend, but did you also change your batteries and check your emergency kit?

During the annual daylight-saving time, we encourage people to examine their emergency preparedness kits – or create one – when they change their clocks. Along with checking your emergency kit, check – and, if necessary, change – the batteries in smoke detectors and carbon monoxide detectors.


Drowsy Driving Prevention Week is Nov. 2-8
The National Sleep Foundation in Washington announced that Nov. 2-8 will be Drowsy Driving Prevention Week. NSF's 2009 Sleep in America Poll (.pdf file) found 1.9 million drivers were involved in a car crash or a near crash caused by drowsiness in the past year.
Source: National Safety Council


What Did You Do with Your Extra Hour?
The return to Standard Time is always much more exciting than Daylight Savings Time. Who doesn't love an extra hour of sleep?

Too Much Light at Night May Cause Depression
What happens if you get too much light at night?

Pedestrian Safety Tips for Halloween

The Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center offers the following tips for the upcoming Halloween holiday weekend.

Guidelines for safe walking at Halloween
1. Parents and Adults Should be Involved

Young children need a parent or other adult to go trick or treating with them. There is no magic age when children are old enough to walk alone. Parents need to judge when their children are mature enough to go without an adult.

Review crossing safety rules with children. Tell them to:

• Even when adults are looking, always look for cars for yourself.


• Stop at the curb and look left, right and left again for traffic.


• Wait until no traffic is coming and begin crossing. Keep looking for traffic until you have finished crossing.


• When crossing the street at an intersection, obey traffic signs and signals and look for yourself to see if cars are coming. Look left, right and left and then behind you and in front of you for turning cars.


• Walk, don't run across the street.

2. Cross Safely

• Choose the safest routes to walk.


• Pick places where there are sidewalks or paths separated from traffic if possible.


• Look for well-lit streets with slow traffic.


• Remind children to watch for cars turning or pulling out of driveways.


• Limit the number of street crossings. Avoid crossing busy or high-speed roads.

3. Be Visible

• Think visibility. Wear bright colors, use retro reflective materials. Carry flashlights. In bad weather, visibility is even more important.


• Choose homes that welcome Halloween visitors. Look for well lit driveways, walkways or paths to the front door.


• Do a costume check. Can the children walk easily in the outfit? Make sure the masks or head gear allow the children to see clearly what is around them. Be sure they can safely negotiate steps on dimly lit walkways.


• When taking a group of kids trick or treating:


• Have a good ratio of parents/adults to children. For young children, consider 1 adult for every 3 children.


• Arrange the adults so that there is an adult in the front and one in the back. This is to prevent children from getting ahead or lagging behind the group.


• Plan how to cross streets:
  *Avoid busy, high-speed or multi-lane roads.
  *Give children exiting the street room to enter the sidewalk area.


• Remember children are not miniature adults.
  *They often act before thinking.
  *They have one-third narrower side vision.
  *They can't judge speed.
  *They are shorter than adults and can't see over cars and bushes.


• Make sure the children understand what is expected of them. Have a plan for dealing with disruptive kids.

Messages for Motorists:

• Drive slowly through residential streets and areas where pedestrians trick-or-treating could be expected.


• Watch for children darting out from between parked cars.


• Watch for children walking on roadways, medians, and curbs.


• Enter and exit driveways and alleys carefully.


• At twilight and later in the evening, watch for children in dark clothing

2008 Traffic Safety Fact Sheet

These fact sheets contain the 2008 data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), and 2007 Final FARS data.

The NHTSA Fact Sheets might be of interest to you injury prevention professionals. There’s a lot of good information and some particularly good stats on 21 year drinking age.

Click on the links below to view and download:
***Just released http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pubs/811169.pdf

Overview (DOT-HS-811-162)

Alcohol-Impaired Driving (DOT-HS-811-155)

Bicyclists & Other Cyclists (DOT-HS-811-156)

Large Trucks (DOT-HS-811-158)

Older Population 2008 Fact Sheet (DOT-HS-811-161)

Drug Free Work Week and CDL Drivers & H1N1 Preventions Tips

Drug Free Work Week and CDL Drivers
With this being drug free workplace week, I took a look at the federal rules for CDL. What interested me is that in 49 CFR 382.507 it says that the employer/driver could be held both civilly and/or criminally responsible if the workplace drug program is not carried out.

Think about it, you let your program slide, then there is a traffic accident involving one of your rigs and bingo you just lost your job and your house. Yes, you could loose everything in this day and age of litigation. So take a look at your program to see if it meets the standard, and if you need help, give us a call at Evergreen.

Eric C. Tofte
Director of Training
206-459-4843 - cell


H1N1 Flu Prevention Tips
The following list of suggestions was forwarded by ESC Board Chairman Governor John Spellman. As you can see the UW has confirmed these precautions. Thank you to Lisa Hall for forwarding this useful information (confirmed by UW infectious disease specialists) - - -

Subject: Some steps to avoid Swine Flu
Prevent Swine Flu - Good Advice
Dr. Vinay Goyal is an MBBS,DRM,DNB (Intensivist and Thyroid specialist) having clinical experience of over 20 years. He has worked in institutions like Hinduja Hospital , Bombay Hospital , Saifee Hospital ,Tata Memorial etc. Presently, he is heading our Nuclear Medicine Department and Thyroid clinic at Riddhivinayak Cardiac and Critical Centre, Malad (W). The following message given by him, I feel makes a lot of sense and is important for all to know.

The only portals of entry are the nostrils and mouth/throat. In a global epidemic of this nature, it's almost impossible to avoid coming into contact with H1N1 in spite of all precautions. Contact with H1N1 is not so much of a problem as proliferation is.

While you are still healthy and not showing any symptoms of H1N1 infection, in order to prevent proliferation, aggravation of symptoms and development of secondary infections, some very simple steps (not fully highlighted in most official communications) can be practiced.

Instead of focusing on how to stock N95 or Tamiflu, focus on:
1. Frequent hand-washing (well highlighted in all official communications).

2. "Hands-off-the-face" approach. Resist all temptations to touch any part of face (unless you want to eat or bathe).

3. Gargle twice a day with warm salt water (or use Listerine). H1N1 takes 2-3 days after initial infection in the throat/nasal cavity to proliferate and show characteristic symptoms. Simple gargling prevents proliferation. In a way, gargling with salt water has the same effect on a healthy individual that Tamiflu has on an infected one. Don't underestimate this simple, inexpensive and powerful preventative method.

4. Similar to 3 above, clean your nostrils at least once every day with warm salt water - blowing the nose once a day and swabbing both nostrils with cotton buds dipped in warm salt water is very effective in bringing down viral population.

5. Boost your natural immunity with foods that are rich in Vitamin C (citrus fruits). If you have to supplement with Vitamin C tablets, make sure that it also has Zinc to boost absorption.

6. Drink as much of warm liquids (tea, coffee, etc) as you can. Drinking warm liquids has the same effect as gargling, but in the reverse direction. They wash off proliferating viruses from the throat into the stomach where they cannot survive, proliferate or do any harm.

We suggest you pass this on to your entire e-list. You never know who might pay attention to it - and STAY ALIVE because of it.

Tom Odegaard
President/Executive Director

National Teen Driver Safety Week is Celebrated in Washington State October 18 – 24

Set Aside for Teens and Parents to Focus on Safe Teen Driving between October 18 and 24, Washington State will celebrate National Teen Driver Safety Week focusing not only on the laws governing new drivers in Washington, but on the impacts parents have on teens by setting limits and modeling responsible driving behavior. Research shows that parents are the single most important influence on their teen’s driving.

As an advocate of young drivers developing safe, smart driving behaviors, State Farm® provided a grant to the Washington Traffic Safety Commission to reach and teach parents with humorous and interesting video vignettes. As well, the grant funds a new website specifically for Washington parents—a clearinghouse of useful information they can use as their teen begins their adventure in the driving world - http://www.washingtonteendriversafetyweek.com/.

“As the leading insurer of automobiles nationally and in Washington State, we are compelled to also be a leader in reducing the number of crash-related injuries and deaths involving young and novice drivers. We work with and support partners like the Washington Traffic Safety Commission because they share our determination for changing risky behaviors and keeping us all safer behind the wheel,” said Nancy Carpenter, State Farm Public Affairs Specialist.

Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death among teens age 16-19 in Washington, already taking the lives of 33 teens so far during 2009, and in 2007 and 2008, claiming the lives of 116 teens.

During 2008, 16-19 year-olds accounted for 4.2% of all licensed drivers, but 7.6% of all drivers in fatal crashes in Washington State. One in four crash fatalities in the United States involves a 16- to 24-year-old driver. Nationally, more than twenty teenagers die in car crashes every day.
On October 6, Governor Gregoire signed a Proclamation declaring October 18 – 24, Teen Driver Safety Week in Washington State.

National Teen Driver Safety Week is observed the third week of October, to bring attention to the number one killer of American teens, car crashes. During this week parents, young drivers, lawmakers and educators are encouraged to focus on working together to change risky teen driving behaviors and help save lives. As a result of the combined goal of reducing injury and death from teen crashes, State Farm ® and the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia teamed up in 2007 to support a Congressional resolution designating National Teen Driver Safety Week. Working together with many valued safety organizations, State Farm ® continues to provide leadership and advocacy around this national tragedy. For more information, go to www.statefarm.com/teendriving.

There are many ways parents can help their teens become safer drivers including:

• Enforcing the Intermediate Driver Licensing (IDL) Law. Currently in Washington, in the first 6 months, teens cannot carry passengers under the age of 20, and in the next 6 months they can transport only three passengers at a time under the age of 20. As well, teens cannot drive from 1:00 AM to 5:00 AM. Then at age 18, a teen driver can get a full license without IDL laws.
• Being a good driving example. Parents have the greatest influence on their teens' driving habits, behaviors, and skills.
• Even though it may seem that teenagers ignore their parent’s behavior and advice most of the time, keep in mind that kids learn from watching their parents. When driving with a teen, parents should model the behavior that they would like their teens to practice when they are behind the wheel: buckle up, slow down, and focus on the road.
• Considering establishing a teen/parent contract to clearly define driving expectations for the household. It's been shown to work. http://www.mtnbrook.k12.al.us/Images/ProductImage_9825.doc
• Scheduling supervised practice driving. 50 hours is a minimum to learn the complicated skill of driving.
• Watching teens driving correctly. Praise them when they use good judgment, discipline when needed and let them know the reasons why, and be honest.
• Gradually introducing new privileges after a teen driver receives their license based on model driving behavior.
• Restricting trips to those with a purpose and on low-speed roads.

Contacts:
Angie Ward, WTSC Program Manager, 360.725.9888, award@wtsc.wa.gov
Nancy Carpenter, State Farm, 253.912.7257, nancy.a.carpenter.gcd4@statefarm.com

Disaster Response - Individual Preparedness

School has started, fall is here and winter is just around the corner. Now is a great time to take a look at your families disaster/emergency preparedness. While a natural or man-made disaster can strike at any time, winter storms happen every year, but continue to catch many of us off guard and unprepared. If our households and families have supplies and a plan in place, it doesn't matter how an emergency situation happens - you will be prepared.

This is a big list. If you haven't already started, it may seem daunting at first. But it's important and it's for you and your families' safety, so make the commitment to start checking items off the list. If you tackle a couple of these each week you can be sure that your family is prepared before the first snowflake falls.

1. Do you believe the community you live in is relatively well prepared for a disaster?
Not the government emergency agencies or responders people tend to rely on but: Neighbors / People you work with

2. Do you believe the members of your household are relatively well prepared for a disaster?

3. Have you discussed disaster preparedness with members of your household?
All possibilities: fire, flood, volcano, winter storms, power outage, security, etc….

4. Do you have a 72 hour disaster supplies kit?
Food, water, clothing, important documents and other things you would need if an evacuation order was issued. Consider adding other items that may provide comfort (small toy or soft cloth) or even entertainment (travel game or deck of cards). With only seconds available to take with you – is all of this located in a single place in your house? Government Officials provide building inspections & may sign the building “UNSAFE - DO NOT ENTER.” You may never be able to re-enter your home if deemed unsafe by government officials and enforced by government officials.

5. Do you have at least the minimum disaster supplies on hand to sustain each member of your household for 72 hours?
One gallon of water per person per day, battery operated radio and flashlights, extra batteries, first aid kit.

6. Do you have a 72 hour disaster kit for each car?
Will the kit support all individuals who normally ride in the vehicle? Food, water, clothing, etc. for 3 days?

7. Are all members of your household current in first aid and CPR?
Current within the last 12 months?

8. Do you have operational smoke detectors on every level of your residence, in particular outside bedrooms and have they been tested and cleaned within the last six months?
Ports on smoke detectors collect household dust and render them inoperable - 33% of smoke detectors across America do not work right now.

9. Do you have a charged ABC type Fire Extinguisher in the home and has every member of your household been trained to use it?
Call 9-1-1. Decision – Will the extinguisher make a difference? Approach & PASS - Pull pin, Aim nozzle at base of flames, Squeeze the handle, Sweep side to side.

10. Does everyone in your household, old enough to do so, know how to safely turn off all utilities?
Gas, Water, Electricity

11. Have you safeguarded your most important records from fire and water?
Is it water proof? Consider a bank safety deposit box.

12. Have the members of your household discussed where to meet outside the home in the following situations?
If there is a fire? If you cannot return home following a wide scale disaster, have reasonable locations for both inside and outside the community been identified?

13. Have members of your household practiced a fire drill within the past year?
Upstairs bedroom window, escape ladder, gathering point, notification method

14. Do you have an out of area phone contact?
Present day phone systems actually make long distance more reliable. Contact should be at least between west and east sides of the Cascade mountain range and preferably in another state. Agreement in advance to contact another person out of state to check in– this may take several calls however - is a great method to communicate with loved ones.

Pay telephone systems have numerous contact points and backup systems making landlines more survivable and reliable than cell phones or even home phones during emergencies.

15. Do you have a local disaster buddy?
Preplan a neighbor or relative that you can make an agreement with. Figure out in advance what actions will be taken for: children, elderly persons, pets, etc.

During an emergency, people are often quick to respond to needs of their neighbors … Preplanning and agreements make this response organized and anticipated.

16. For those of you with school age children or grandchildren, do you know if their school or child care center has a disaster plan, and do you know what the plan says?
It is a dangerous assumption to believe there is a plan in place. Review the school handbook or call the school administrator and ask if there an emergency or disaster response plan in place? Will the teachers stay beyond contract hours if you can’t get there for 2 or 3 days? Will bus drivers just drop off children at normal stops, or is there a method in place to assure children will be protected?

17. Is there a good reason why you should not take action on the first sixteen questions?

18. Would you like to see a neighborhood disaster preparedness program started in your neighborhood?
Many communities have programs in place. If not, telephone local Emergency Managers to encourage, expect, require that community preparedness programs are established.

How are you preparing? Are there considerations that should be added to this list? Share your thoughts and comments.